Vai trò của Ngô Quyền trong việc xây dựng nhà nước phong kiến độc lập ở Việt Nam
The emergence of Ngô Quyền as a pivotal figure in Vietnamese history marks a significant turning point in the establishment of an independent feudal state in Vietnam. His leadership not only ended centuries of Chinese domination but also laid the foundational principles for Vietnamese sovereignty and governance. This article delves into the multifaceted role of Ngô Quyền in shaping the early feudal structures of Vietnam, highlighting his strategic, political, and cultural contributions. <br/ > <br/ >#### The Strategic Brilliance of Ngô Quyền <br/ >Ngô Quyền's strategic acumen was most famously demonstrated in the Battle of Bạch Đằng in 938, where he ingeniously used iron-tipped wooden stakes to halt the invasion of the Southern Han fleet. This victory was not merely a military triumph but also a declaration of Vietnam's resilience and strategic independence. By analyzing the geographical and tidal patterns of the Bạch Đằng River, Ngô Quyền turned what could have been a defensive battle into an aggressive trap, illustrating his profound understanding of both warfare and the terrain of his homeland. <br/ > <br/ >#### Political Reforms and Statecraft <br/ >Following his military success, Ngô Quyền took significant steps to consolidate his power and establish a structured government. He proclaimed himself king, breaking the thousand-year tradition of Chinese-appointed governors. This act of sovereignty was crucial in fostering a sense of national identity and governance. Ngô Quyền's reign saw the implementation of laws that were distinctly Vietnamese, moving away from the Chinese legal system. His governance model was characterized by a more localized and less autocratic structure, which allowed for greater participation of local lords, thereby stabilizing his rule and setting a precedent for future Vietnamese monarchies. <br/ > <br/ >#### Cultural Impacts and National Identity <br/ >Beyond his military and political achievements, Ngô Quyền's rule had a profound impact on the cultural and social fabric of Vietnam. By establishing an independent state, he fostered a burgeoning sense of Vietnamese identity that was distinct from Chinese cultural influences. This era saw the flourishing of Vietnamese customs, traditions, and literature, which were crucial in nurturing a unified national identity. The emphasis on local culture not only strengthened internal cohesion but also gave the Vietnamese people a sense of pride and ownership over their newly established state. <br/ > <br/ >The role of Ngô Quyền in establishing an independent feudal state in Vietnam is a testament to his visionary leadership and strategic foresight. His decisive victory at the Battle of Bạch Đằng was a critical turning point in Vietnamese history, effectively ending Chinese imperial overlordship and paving the way for a sovereign national governance. Ngô Quyền's subsequent political reforms helped to stabilize and legitimize his rule, while his promotion of Vietnamese culture played a crucial role in fostering a distinct national identity. Through his multifaceted contributions, Ngô Quyền not only shaped the early feudal structures of Vietnam but also left an enduring legacy that continues to be celebrated in Vietnamese history.