Câu hỏi
Một số mô hình tăng trưởng kinh tế
Giải pháp
4
(163 Phiếu)
Thúy Hằng
nâng cao · Hướng dẫn 1 năm
Trả lời
### Nội dung điền vào bảng như sau:1. Tác giả: - Trường phái cổ điển: Adam Smith - K. Marx: Karl Marx - Trường phái tân cổ điển: John Maynard Keynes - Keynes: John Maynard Keynes - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Various modern economists2. Nhân tố quyết định tăng trưởng: - Trường phái cổ điển: Division of labor, capital accumulation, productivity - K. Marx: Class struggle, exploitation, capital accumulation - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Technological change, capital, labor - Keynes: Aggregate demand, government intervention, fiscal policy - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Innovation, human capital, institutional factors3. Hàm sản xuất: - Trường phái cổ điển:
- K. Marx: Surplus value and exploitation - Trường phái tân cổ điển:
- Keynes: Aggregate supply and demand - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại:
4. Nhân tố quan trọng nhất: - Trường phái cổ điển: Capital accumulation - K. Marx: Class struggle and exploitation - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Technological progress - Keynes: Aggregate demand - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Innovation and human capital5. Đặc điểm, vai trò của các nhân tố: - Trường phái cổ điển: Free markets, laissez-faire - K. Marx: Critique of capitalism, socialism - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Efficiency, market equilibrium - Keynes: Government intervention - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Mixed views6. Mô hình AS-AD: - Trường phái cổ điển: Long-run aggregate supply is vertical - K. Marx: Not typically used - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Short-run and long-run perspectives - Keynes: Short-run aggregate supply can be upward sloping - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Advanced AS-AD models7. Quan điểm về sự cân bằng của nền kinh tế: - Trường phái cổ điển: Natural equilibrium - K. Marx: Crises and imbalances - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Market equilibrium - Keynes: Disequilibrium due to insufficient demand - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Dynamic equilibrium8. Vai trò của chính phủ: - Trường phái cổ điển: Minimal intervention - K. Marx: State control - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Correcting market failures - Keynes: Managing demand - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Strategic interventions9. Một số lưu ý khác: - Trường phái cổ điển: Free trade - K. Marx: Historical development, revolution - Trường phái tân cổ điển: Marginal analysis, utility - Keynes: Expectations, uncertainty - Tăng trưởng kinh tế hiện đại: Globalization, technological diffusion
Giải thích
## Step 1: Identify the Authors### The authors associated with each economic theory are as follows:- Classical School (17th Century, 1776): Adam Smith- Karl Marx (19th Century, 1867): Karl Marx- Neoclassical School (19th Century, 1936): John Maynard Keynes- Keynes (Late 20th Century): John Maynard Keynes- Modern Economic Growth (Late 20th Century): Various modern economists## Step 2: Determine the Factors of Growth### Each school of thought has different determining factors for economic growth:- Classical School: Division of labor, capital accumulation, and productivity.- Karl Marx: Class struggle, exploitation, and capital accumulation.- Neoclassical School: Technological change, capital, and labor.- Keynes: Aggregate demand, government intervention, and fiscal policy.- Modern Economic Growth: Innovation, human capital, and institutional factors.## Step 3: Production Function### The production function varies across schools:- Classical School:
where
is output,
is capital, and
is labor.- Karl Marx: Focus on surplus value and exploitation within the production process.- Neoclassical School:
where
represents technology.- Keynes: Emphasis on aggregate supply and demand rather than a specific production function.- Modern Economic Growth: Incorporates endogenous growth models such as
.## Step 4: Most Important Factor### The most important factor according to each school:- Classical School: Capital accumulation.- Karl Marx: Class struggle and exploitation.- Neoclassical School: Technological progress.- Keynes: Aggregate demand.- Modern Economic Growth: Innovation and human capital.## Step 5: Role of Ideology### The role of ideology in each school:- Classical School: Free markets and laissez-faire principles.- Karl Marx: Critique of capitalism and advocacy for socialism.- Neoclassical School: Efficiency and market equilibrium.- Keynes: Government intervention to stabilize the economy.- Modern Economic Growth: Mixed views, often incorporating both market and state roles.## Step 6: AS-AD Model### Application of the AS-AD model:- Classical School: Long-run aggregate supply is vertical.- Karl Marx: Not typically used; focus on historical materialism.- Neoclassical School: Both short-run and long-run perspectives.- Keynes: Short-run aggregate supply can be upward sloping.- Modern Economic Growth: Uses advanced versions of the AS-AD model.## Step 7: View on General Equilibrium### Views on general equilibrium:- Classical School: Markets naturally reach equilibrium.- Karl Marx: Capitalism leads to crises and imbalances.- Neoclassical School: Markets tend toward equilibrium through price mechanisms.- Keynes: Economies can be in disequilibrium due to insufficient demand.- Modern Economic Growth: Dynamic equilibrium considering innovation and growth factors.## Step 8: Role of Government### The role of government in each school:- Classical School: Minimal intervention.- Karl Marx: State control over means of production.- Neoclassical School: Limited to correcting market failures.- Keynes: Active role in managing demand.- Modern Economic Growth: Varies, but often supports strategic interventions.## Step 9: Other Issues to Note### Additional considerations:- Classical School: Importance of free trade.- Karl Marx: Historical development and revolution.- Neoclassical School: Marginal analysis and utility.- Keynes: Importance of expectations and uncertainty.- Modern Economic Growth: Globalization and technological diffusion.